I wrote this on another forum a while ago, an extremely rough conceptual overview relating temperatures and voltage to the rise and fall times of transistors charging and discharging the parasitic capacitances at a given node. The standard model is to approximate a transistor as a resistor and a capacitor. This resistivity is inversely proportional to electronic mobilty, D*q/KT, where D and K are physical constant, q is electronic charge and T is of course temperature. So, in a nutshell, lower temperatures -> lower resistivity -> quicker charging/discharging of capacitances -> lesser delay in producing a "1" or "0" -> higher stable frequency.
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