Command Line Tutorial: How to Use the Terminal to enter Linux commands.
Since Ubuntu and Ubuntu based distros, like Mint, are the most popular I am including them. I can add others as requested but there are too many to try and do them other than as needed. The Icon for Terminal looks very similar in most distros and desktops.
Try holding CONTROL + ALT keys and hit t. In Gnome based GUIs it should open the Terminal.
In Ubuntu using the Unity desktop:
http://img.techpowerup.org/131201/Selection_001601.jpg
Mint with the Cinnamon Desktop
Click on Menu and either click the Terminal Icon, circled in red, or type Terminal in the search box and click on the icon in the results. You can also click on the Icon in the bar along the bottom of the screen. Using the Mate desktop the icon looks the same as the one pictured.
http://img.techpowerup.org/131201/4-...Desktop014.jpg
This is the Terminal or Command Line or CLI, Command Line Interface. On the line are Username@hostname ~$. The ~ means usernames home directory or $HOME. If you are running as root user or superuser then instead of $ you will see #. Do not run as root user unless you really need to. Exit will get you out of root or supersuser.
So I am logged in as user poppageek on machine hostname ghostN and am in my home directory /home/poppageek/
http://img.techpowerup.org/131201/Selection_004.png
When you see a box with commands such as:
Code:
sudo apt-get install boinc-client boinc-manager
you can copy the line and paste it in a terminal window and hit enter. The above command says give me elevated powers(sudo), get and install (apt-get install) the debian/ubuntu based packages boinc-client and boinc-manger.
All unix like systems have levels of permissions to view, change or execute files. Sudo allows you to execute some commands you do not normally have permission to do. It is a way for the OS to protect itself from our mistakes.
apt-get commands are Debian package commands. Red Hat based distros like Fedora use yum.
Linux Terminal Command Reference